If Botswana were getting a truly raw deal, we would expect to see underfunded hospitals and crumbling roads. Instead, we see modern infrastructure and universal education. The revenue from diamonds funds 50% of Botswana’s budget.
But the "raw deal" isn't about poverty—it's about lost opportunity.
Consider this: A rough diamond dug in Botswana might be cut in Surat, India, polished in Antwerp, set in New York, and sold to a bride in Tokyo. Of that final retail price (which could be 5x to 10x the rough value), Botswana currently captures only the cost of extraction plus half the rough profit.
President Masisi has drawn a hard line in the sand. He isn't asking for a revolution; he is asking for evolution. He wants:
To understand the current tension, one must acknowledge the history. Unlike many African nations that fell victim to the "resource curse"—where mineral wealth fuels corruption and conflict—Botswana utilized diamond revenues to build infrastructure, fund free education, and develop a thriving tourism sector. The partnership was formalized through Debswana, a 50/50 joint venture between the government and De Beers.
For years, this seemed equitable. But critics argue that the world has changed, and the contract has not kept pace. The core of the dispute lies not in the mining of the diamonds, but in their journey after they leave the ground.
Is Botswana getting a raw deal? In the strictest financial sense regarding value addition and downstream integration, the answer has historically been yes. The nation has been a passive supplier of raw wealth rather than an active participant in the luxury market.
However, the definition of a "raw deal" is changing. Botswana is no longer the fledgling nation of 1966; it is a sophisticated economic player demanding its rightful share of the value chain. The current negotiations are not just about royalty percentages; they are about the soul of the industry.
If De Beers accedes to Botswana’s demands for more local processing and greater supply control, the "partnership" will finally evolve into equality. If they resist, Botswana may well decide that the "raw deal" is no longer a deal at all.
Botswana has finalized a new 10-year, 25-year mining licence agreement with De Beers, aiming to boost its share of rough diamonds through Okavango Diamond Company to 50% by 2035. While the agreement strengthens local control and extends mining operations to 2054, the country still navigates an economic slump driven by falling diamond sales and rising inventory. For more details, visit De Beers Group AI responses may include mistakes. Learn more
Under President Duma Boko, Botswana is aggressively seeking a controlling stake in De Beers to secure economic sovereignty, aiming to acquire over 50% ownership by October 2026. While a February 2025 agreement increased Botswana’s share of diamond production to 50% by 2035, the push for majority control comes amidst a depressed diamond market and high financial risk, with opposition questioning the strategy. Read the full story at Mining.com.
The claim that is getting a "raw deal" from De Beers has been a central theme in recent high-stakes negotiations, driven by the country's desire to capture more value from its natural resources
. Historically, the partnership transformed Botswana from one of the world's poorest nations in 1966 into an upper-middle-income country today Key Arguments for a "Raw Deal" Low Share of Sales : For years, Botswana's state-owned Okavango Diamond Company (ODC)
only received 25% of the diamonds mined by their joint venture, , while De Beers took 75%. Missing Downstream Value
: Most rough diamonds were historically shipped abroad for cutting and polishing in hubs like India, depriving Botswana of higher-value manufacturing and retail jobs. Alleged Profit Shifting
: Some investigations have suggested "revenue leakage" where diamond values "miraculously increase" once they cross Botswana's borders, potentially reducing the country's tax take. The Improved 2025 Deal
After years of contentious negotiations and public criticism from former President Mokgweetsi Masisi, a formal 10-year sales agreement was signed in February 2025. Is Botswana Getting a Raw Deal From De Beers Diamonds?
Historically, and De Beers have shared a 50-year partnership described as the world's most successful public-private venture. However, recent years saw growing tension as Botswana’s leadership argued the country was getting a "raw deal" by being restricted primarily to mining rather than the more profitable cutting, polishing, and retailing sectors. 💎 The New "Fair" Deal (2025) Confidential deals and value leakage
To address these concerns, a landmark agreement was formally signed in February 2025 and reaffirmed in early 2026. The new terms represent a significant shift in power and profit:
Is Botswana Getting a Raw Deal From De Beers Diamonds?
Botswana, a small landlocked country in Southern Africa, has been hailed as a success story in the diamond industry. The country's rich diamond deposits have made it one of the world's leading producers of the precious gemstone. However, recent developments have raised questions about whether Botswana is getting a fair deal from De Beers, the mining giant that has dominated the country's diamond industry for decades.
A History of De Beers in Botswana
De Beers, founded by Cecil Rhodes in 1888, has been a major player in the diamond industry for over a century. The company's dominance in the industry has been well-documented, and its influence extends far beyond Botswana. In the 1960s, De Beers began exploring for diamonds in Botswana, and in 1971, the company discovered the Orapa diamond mine, which would become one of the largest diamond mines in the world.
Today, De Beers is the largest diamond mining company in Botswana, with a portfolio of mines that include Orapa, Jwaneng, and Venetia. The company's operations in Botswana account for a significant portion of the country's diamond production, and it is estimated that diamonds make up around 80% of Botswana's total exports.
The Mining Agreement
The mining agreement between De Beers and the government of Botswana has been the subject of much debate. The agreement, which was signed in 1971, gives De Beers the rights to extract diamonds from the Orapa mine for a period of 25 years. The agreement was later extended to cover the Jwaneng mine, and in 2004, the government of Botswana and De Beers signed a new agreement that extended the life of the Orapa mine until 2035.
Under the terms of the agreement, De Beers pays the government of Botswana a royalty of 10% on the value of diamonds extracted from the mines. However, critics argue that this royalty rate is too low, and that the government of Botswana is not getting a fair share of the revenue generated by the diamond industry.
The Debate Over Revenue Sharing
The debate over revenue sharing has been ongoing for several years. The government of Botswana has argued that it should receive a higher share of the revenue generated by the diamond industry, while De Beers has argued that its investment in the industry justifies its share of the revenue.
In 2019, the government of Botswana announced plans to increase its share of the revenue from diamond mining. The government proposed a new royalty rate of 15% on the value of diamonds extracted from the mines, and also announced plans to acquire a 24% stake in the Debswana Mining Company, which is the joint venture between De Beers and the government of Botswana.
The Impact on Botswana's Economy
The diamond industry has had a significant impact on Botswana's economy. The industry has created thousands of jobs, both directly and indirectly, and has generated significant revenue for the government. However, critics argue that the industry has also had a negative impact on the country's economy.
One of the main criticisms is that the diamond industry has made Botswana too dependent on a single commodity. This has made the country vulnerable to fluctuations in the global diamond market, and has limited the country's ability to diversify its economy.
The Human Cost
The diamond industry has also had a significant impact on the people of Botswana. The industry has created jobs and generated revenue, but it has also been criticized for its treatment of workers and its impact on local communities. Insufficient downstream beneficiation and value capture
In 2018, a report by the human rights group, Global Witness, accused De Beers of failing to provide adequate compensation to communities affected by its mining operations. The report also accused the company of using security forces to intimidate and harass local communities.
Conclusion
The debate over whether Botswana is getting a raw deal from De Beers diamonds is complex and multifaceted. While the diamond industry has generated significant revenue for the government and created thousands of jobs, critics argue that the country is not getting a fair share of the revenue.
The government of Botswana has taken steps to increase its share of the revenue, but more needs to be done to ensure that the country benefits from its rich diamond deposits. The government must also prioritize the needs of local communities and ensure that the industry is operated in a responsible and sustainable manner.
As the world continues to demand more transparency and accountability from mining companies, De Beers and the government of Botswana must work together to ensure that the diamond industry benefits both the company and the country.
The Way Forward
So, what can be done to ensure that Botswana gets a fair deal from De Beers diamonds? Here are a few suggestions:
By taking these steps, Botswana can ensure that it gets a fair deal from De Beers diamonds and that the industry benefits both the company and the country.
Facts and Figures
Sources
This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the issues surrounding De Beers' operations in Botswana. The article highlights the complexities of the diamond industry and the challenges faced by governments and mining companies in ensuring that natural resources benefit both the company and the country.
De Beers argues that the partnership is symbiotic. They claim that without their global branding (the "Forevermark" and "A Diamond is Forever" campaigns), Botswana’s diamonds would be commoditized and lose their premium value. They also note that they have already ceded ground, allowing the ODC to sell 25% of production independently.
"If Botswana pushes too hard," warns one mining analyst, "De Beers might divert capital to newer discoveries in Canada or Angola. You don't kill the goose that lays the golden egg—but you also don't let the goose starve the farmer."
On paper, the numbers are staggering. Botswana produces roughly 20% of the world’s diamonds by value, including those legendary, massive stones that fetch millions at auction. Through Debswana (the 50/50 joint venture), everything is split down the middle—production, profits, and debt.
However, critics argue that "production parity" does not equal "value parity." While Botswana gets half the rough diamonds, De Beers has historically controlled the pipeline: the sorting, valuing, marketing, and selling.
Here is where the friction lies:
1. The "London Sweep" For most of the partnership, all diamonds were flown to De Beers’ headquarters in London for sorting and valuation. Botswana provided the raw material, but the intellectual capital—the science of knowing which stone goes to which jeweler—remained abroad. President Mokgweetsi Masisi has famously called this arrangement "unsustainable," demanding that sorting and valuation happen entirely within Botswana’s borders. Market shocks reveal fiscal vulnerability
2. The Sales Discrepancy Botswana receives 50% of the rough stones, but it doesn't control 50% of the global supply chain. De Beers’ marketing arm (the infamous "Single Channel") dictates pricing. When the diamond market softens (as it has due to lab-grown diamonds and post-pandemic demand dips), Botswana carries half the production risk but has limited control over pricing strategy.
3. The "Aggregation" Dispute Currently, diamonds from Botswana are often mixed with stones from South Africa, Canada, and Namibia before being sold. Botswana wants the right to sell its own stones independently—specifically through the state-owned Okavango Diamond Company (ODC) . De Beers is resisting, arguing that aggregation allows for better pricing consistency.
So, is Botswana getting a raw deal?
From a strict accounting perspective, the answer is nuanced. Historically, no. De Beers lifted Botswana from GDP per capita of $70 to over $8,000. The infrastructure, health care, and democratic stability are unparalleled in Africa.
But looking forward, the answer is a resounding yes.
The current deal is a relic of a pre-synthetic, pre-internet monopoly era. In a world where De Beers’ market share has shrunk from 90% to around 30%, Botswana no longer needs a guardian; it needs a logistics partner.
As The World News understands it, the current negotiations are at a knife's edge. De Beers recently moved its rough diamond aggregation from London back to Gaborone—a major concession. But Botswana is holding out for the right to sell up to 50% of its own stones independently.
If Botswana wins, it will become the world’s first vertically integrated diamond sovereign nation, breaking the cartel for good. If De Beers wins, or simply walks away, Botswana faces a terrifying market crash.
The raw deal is not just about money. It is about control. For 60 years, a nation blessed with the world’s hardest gem has been treated like a soft touch. As President Masisi told Parliament last month: "We are not asking for a favor. We are taking what is ours."
Whether the world is ready for a Botswana that cuts its own diamonds—and keeps the profit—will determine the fate of the next six decades.
— The World News
While the 2025 agreement improved Botswana's diamond sales share to 50% by 2035, the government argues the 15% stake in De Beers remains unbalanced given its 70% supply share. President Duma Boko is now seeking a majority stake in De Beers to secure control over global pricing and branding, with a bid deadline set for April 16, 2026. For more details, visit mining.com Anglo American
Botswana has finalized a 10-year sales agreement and 25-year mining license extension with De Beers, boosting its production share to 30%—set to rise to 50%—and securing over $750 million in development funding . The landmark deal strengthens local beneficiation and positions Botswana to potentially take a controlling stake in De Beers as owner Anglo American divests . Read the full details of the agreement on Reuters. Is Botswana Getting a Raw Deal From De Beers Diamonds?
It looks like you're asking about the article "Is Botswana Getting a Raw Deal From De Beers Diamonds" published by The World News.
I can't reproduce the full copyrighted text of that article here, but I can summarize the key arguments typically made in such analyses, as well as the general debate around Botswana's diamond deal with De Beers.
Another friction point is the financial structure of the agreement. Under the current deal, Botswana sells 75% of Debswana’s output to the Okavango Diamond Company (a state-owned entity), while De Beers takes the remaining 25%.
However, analysts point out that De Beers pays royalties and taxes that are competitive, but perhaps not maximized for the producer's benefit. As the global diamond market fluctuates and synthetic (lab-grown) diamonds threaten natural prices, Botswana is seeking to secure a higher "floor" price or a larger volume allocation to sell independently. By relying heavily on De Beers' marketing machinery, Botswana arguably remains a tenant in its own house, renting out its soil rather than truly owning the product.