Qanoon E Shahadat In Urdu Pdf

قانونِ شہادت شواہد کے اعتبار، قبولیت، مستردگی اور شواہد کی اہلیت و ثبوتیت سے متعلق بنیادی قانونی فریم ورک فراہم کرتا ہے۔ یہ قانون عدالتی نظام میں عدالتی عمل کی شفافیت، ثبوت کی قبولیت اور انصاف کی فراہمی کے لیے اہم ہے۔

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Background: Replaced the Evidence Act of 1872 to bring legal procedures in conformity with the Quran and Sunnah.

Scope: Applies to all judicial and quasi-judicial proceedings across Pakistan, including court martials.

Exclusions: Does not apply to proceedings before an arbitrator. 2. Competency of Witnesses (گواہ کی اہلیت)

Article 3: Determines who may testify. Generally, all persons are competent unless the court considers them incapable of understanding questions or giving rational answers due to extreme age or mental/bodily infirmity.

Article 17: Specifies the number and competence of witnesses based on Islamic injunctions. In many civil matters, the testimony of two women is considered equal to one man. 3. Relevancy of Facts (واقعات کی مطابقت) qanoon e shahadat in urdu pdf

Facts in Issue: Evidence can only be given regarding facts in issue and relevant facts. Oral vs. Documentary Evidence:

Oral Evidence (Article 70-71): Must be direct; hearsay is generally inadmissible.

Documentary Evidence (Article 72): Proved by primary (original) or secondary (copies) evidence under specific conditions. 4. Burden of Proof (بارِ ثبوت) Article 117: The person who asserts a fact must prove it.

Criminal Cases: The burden is on the prosecution to prove the case beyond reasonable doubt.

Civil Cases: Often decided on the principle of preponderance of evidence. QANUN-E-SHAHADAT ORDER, 1984 - The Punjab Code

I understand you're looking for a solid academic paper or resource on Qanoon-e-Shahadat (the Law of Evidence) in Urdu, in PDF format. ۲۔ دفعہ 4: اصل ثبوت (Primary Evidence) کسی

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یہاں قانون شہادت کے چند بنیادی اصول درج ذیل ہیں:

۱۔ دفعہ 3: ثبوت کی تعریف (Proof) ثبوت سے مراد وہ ذرائع ہیں جن کے ذریعے کسی بات کے صحت ہونے یا نہ ہونے کا یقین ہوتا ہے۔ ثبوت دو قسم کا ہوتا ہے:

۲۔ دفعہ 4: اصل ثبوت (Primary Evidence) کسی دستاویز کا اصل سب سے بہتر ثبوت مانا جاتا ہے۔ عدالت کوشش کرتی ہے کہ کاپی کے بجائے اصل دستاویز پیش کی جائے۔

۳۔ دفعہ 17: اقرار (Admission) اگر کوئی شخص کسی بات کو تسلیم کر لے تو وہ "اقرار" کہلاتا ہے۔ اقرار عدالت میں ثبوت کے طور پر استعمال کیا جا سکتا ہے۔

۴۔ دفعہ 21 اور 24: اعتراف جرائم (Confession) کسی ملزم کا جرم کرنے کا اعتراف عدالت میں قابل قبول ہے، لیکن ضروری ہے کہ یہ اعتراف رضاکارانہ ہو اور پولیس کی تشدد یا دباؤ میں نہ لیا گیا ہو۔ قانون شہادت کے مطابق پولیس کی تحویل میں دیا گیا اعتراف عدالت میں خود بخود قابل قبول نہیں ہوتا، عدالت کو " and "Fact." Crucially

Purpose: To bring the law of evidence in line with the injunctions of Islam as laid down in the Quran and Sunnah.

Application: It applies to all judicial and quasi-judicial proceedings in Pakistan, including courts-martial, but generally does not apply to arbitration.

Structure: It consists of 166 Articles covering witness competency, the burden of proof, and types of admissible evidence. Urdu Resources and PDF Guides

You can find comprehensive Urdu explanations and PDF versions of the Order through these platforms: QANUN-E-SHAHADAT ORDER, 1984 - The Punjab Code

The most distinct departure from the 1872 Act lies in the competency and number of witnesses, inspired by Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh).

Article 3: Interpretation Clause It defines "Court," "Document," "Evidence," and "Fact." Crucially, it abolishes the distinction made in the 1872 Act regarding "Lunatics" and "Vested Interest," emphasizing instead that the court should determine competency based on the ability to understand questions and give rational answers, subject to Islamic standards.

Article 17: Competency and Number of Witnesses This is the pivot of Islamic modification: